{
\def\sym#1{\ifmmode^{#1}\else\(^{#1}\)\fi}
\begin{tabular}{l*{8}{c}}
\hline\hline
                    &\multicolumn{4}{c}{Full sample}                                                    &\multicolumn{4}{c}{Rural sample}                                                   \\\cmidrule(lr){2-5}\cmidrule(lr){6-9}
                    &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(5)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(6)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(7)}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(8)}\\
                    &\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Chief\\corrupt}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Chief\\listens}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Chief\\trusted}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Empower\\chiefs}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Chief\\corrupt}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Chief\\listens}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Chief\\trusted}}&\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{Empower\\chiefs}}\\
\hline
Land quality (2002) &        0.03        &      0.09\sym{\dag}&        0.01        &      0.09\sym{\dag}&       -0.00        &        0.15\sym{*} &        0.02        &        0.16\sym{*} \\
                    &      (0.02)        &      (0.05)        &      (0.05)        &      (0.06)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.06)        &      (0.06)        &      (0.06)        \\\hline
Pre-colonial political centralization&        0.00        &       -0.05\sym{*} &     -0.05\sym{\dag}&        0.01        &        0.01        &       -0.07\sym{*} &     -0.06\sym{\dag}&        0.00        \\
                    &      (0.01)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.04)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.04)        \\
Pre-colonial dependence on agriculture&     -0.02\sym{\dag}&      0.04\sym{\dag}&        0.04\sym{*} &        0.02        &       -0.01        &        0.02        &        0.05\sym{*} &        0.00        \\
                    &      (0.01)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.03)        \\
Population density (2000)&        0.04\sym{**}&       -0.07\sym{*} &       -0.09\sym{**}&       -0.03        &        0.04\sym{*} &       -0.04        &       -0.09\sym{**}&       -0.04        \\
                    &      (0.01)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.02)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.04)        \\
Ecological diversity (2002)&        0.05        &       -0.00        &       -0.04        &       -0.09        &        0.06        &       -0.17        &        0.01        &       -0.09        \\
                    &      (0.05)        &      (0.11)        &      (0.10)        &      (0.12)        &      (0.06)        &      (0.12)        &      (0.11)        &      (0.14)        \\
Politically powerful ethnic cluster&       -0.04        &        0.04        &        0.11\sym{*} &        0.06        &       -0.04        &        0.02        &        0.12\sym{*} &        0.06        \\
                    &      (0.03)        &      (0.06)        &      (0.05)        &      (0.07)        &      (0.04)        &      (0.07)        &      (0.06)        &      (0.08)        \\
Distance from ethnic homeland to capital&        0.00        &        0.02        &        0.00        &       -0.00        &        0.01        &      0.03\sym{\dag}&        0.00        &        0.00        \\
                    &      (0.01)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.01)        &      (0.02)        \\
Rural sampling unit indicator&       -0.09\sym{**}&        0.26\sym{**}&        0.28\sym{**}&        0.15\sym{**}&                    &                    &                    &                    \\
                    &      (0.02)        &      (0.04)        &      (0.03)        &      (0.03)        &                    &                    &                    &                    \\\hline
Country FE          &         Yes        &         Yes        &         Yes        &         Yes        &         Yes        &         Yes        &         Yes        &         Yes        \\
\hline
Individuals (N)     &       14435        &       15654        &       16075        &       15221        &        9460        &       10461        &       10641        &       10203        \\
\(R^{2}\)           &        0.10        &        0.11        &        0.11        &        0.07        &        0.09        &        0.11        &        0.10        &        0.07        \\
Adj. \(R^{2}\)      &        0.10        &        0.10        &        0.11        &        0.07        &        0.09        &        0.11        &        0.10        &        0.07        \\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
}
